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Valuing diversity: guidance for labour market integration of migrants
Figure 7 Main previous citizenship of persons acquiring citizenship of an EU-27
Member State, (absolute values) 2011
70 000
60 000
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
Source: Eurostat, acquisition of citizenship. Online data code [migr_acq].
In 2011 the most representative groups to acquire citizenship of an EU
Member State were former citizens of Morocco (64 700), Turkey (50 900),
Ecuador (33 800), India (32 000), Romania (26 200) and Albania (25 700).
France granted 32.6% of all citizenships acquired in the EU-27 by Moroccans;
the figure for Spain was 22.4%. Germany granted 58% of those acquired by
Turks, Spain 95% of those acquired by Ecuadorians, the United Kingdom 83% of
those acquired by Indians, Greece granted 60% of those obtained by Albanians.
The historical background of the migration flow of each country generates
specific contexts. There is a distinction in the cultural diversity deriving from the
ethnic origins of the population between two situations in the countries with a
high intake of third-country nationals: countries where the immigrant groups (with
or without host citizenship) share a certain cultural and linguistic proximity – the
case of many of the traditionally receiving countries – and countries where the
departure and receiving culture are substantially different or without any great
previous mutual exposure.
Available statistics about the stocks and flows of immigrants are not always
consistent across countries: sometimes only grouped data are available
concerning birthplace or citizenship of the population; breaks in series occur with
changes migration regulations; or the weight of irregular migration is high and
unreported. Nevertheless, we can get close to describing the reality from the
available sources.
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