Page 69 - valuing-diversity-guidance-for-labour-market-integration-of-migrants

Valuing diversity: guidance for labour market integration of migrants

Central Africa) and Portugal (Brazilian and Portuguese speaking Africans),
although substantial cultural differences might exist, there is a shared colonial
past and consequent moderate impact of linguistic barriers. As seen in residence
permits data, most of the flow to these countries is of citizens from countries with
a shared historical past.

Figure 9 France: first residence permits by nationality of third-country citizens
(%), 2011

Maghreb, 29.7
Others, 34.8

Central Africa, 11.1

India, 1.8
Haiti, 1.9
Brazil, 2.5

Russia, 2.6
China (including
Turkey, 3.2 United States, 5.1 Hong Kong), 7.3

Source: Eurostat, first residence permits. Online data code [migr_resfirst].

Even so, these countries tend to converge to a more mixed pattern where
post-colonial heritage encounters groups which previously were not so
represented. The United Kingdom is also an interesting example, as the resident
immigrant population combines traditional third-country communities resulting
from the post-war flows (essentially south-eastern Asia) with more recent flows,
essentially from Poland. Portugal is a similar case, with a relevant inflow of
citizens from Ukraine and the Russian federation.
Spain has a large proportion of its immigrants originating from Spanish-
speaking South American countries, but in recent years this has become more
significant along with the addition of a new community with reduced cultural ties
to the country, especially from Morocco.

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