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Guiding at-risk youth through learning to work
                                                                             Lessons from across Europe





                     overnight and they have to be sufficiently resourced to provide a cohesive service
                     to young people.
                         Further,  without  appropriate  investments  to ensure access for all, some of
                     the most vulnerable young people will not  benefit  from  the  services  of  career
                     information  centres.  To  tackle  physical access barriers, the Polish authorities
                     have introduced mobile career information units that visit remote areas of the
                     country. The services of career information centres can also be promoted
                     through various other channels including outreach work (community based
                     partner organisations can play a particularly important role), information sessions
                     in schools and colleges, and advertising campaigns. However, it must be
                     acknowledged that publicity campaigns will not reach  all  young  people  and
                     therefore campaigns should always be complemented with more  personal
                     approaches).
                         Ensuring access can also mean overcoming financial barriers. For example,
                     in the case of Connexions all calls from a landline to the personal advisers are
                     free and an adviser can ring the young person back on his/her mobile, to ensure
                     the cost of calls do not prevent access to the services. The helplines attached to
                     the Connexions service is also open outside typical office hours.
                         Personal advisers play a critical role in the success  of  many  career
                     information centres. Young people form a strong relationship with the adviser and
                     may have more confidence to discuss wider issues  aside  from  those  linked  to
                     education and employment. It is, however, essential that they provide advice that
                     is accurate, comprehensive, timely,  realistic  and readily understood by young
                     people (Department for Education and Skills, 2004). Where they do not  have
                     specialist knowledge, they must be able to refer young people to someone who
                     can help them.

                     6.4.3.   Extending the benefits of validation initiatives to at-risk groups
                     Validation  of  non-formal  and  informal  learning can be used to support young
                     people to achieve a range of  goals.  Formative  validation  methods,  developed
                     either by the public sector or third sector organisations or  even  private
                     companies,  represent  both a cost-effective and flexible approach to identifying
                     and recording skills and competences gained outside a formal learning sphere.
                     Young users can also record the types of activities they have been engaged in
                     and use them to consider future  career  options,  so  developing  career
                     management skills. Validation can be used to support a range of different target
                     groups, including young people from vulnerable backgrounds, if the process is
                     supported and guided by trained professionals. It offers an opportunity to assist








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