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(c)  personal competence, involving knowing how to conduct oneself in a specific situation;
               (d)  ethical competence, involving the possession of certain personal and professional values.


               6.3.2.  Definition of career guidance
               This study has adopted the working definition of career guidance used by the OECD review
               of career guidance and public policy:
                  ‘Career guidance refers to services intended to assist people, of any age and at any point
               throughout their lives to make educational, training and occupational choices and to manage
               their  careers.  Career guidance helps people to reflect on their ambitions, interests,
               qualifications and abilities. It helps them to understand  the  labour  market  and  education
               systems, and to relate this  to  what  they know about themselves. Comprehensive career
               guidance tries to teach people to plan and make decisions about work and learning. Career
               guidance  makes  information about the labour market and about educational opportunities
               more accessible by organising it, systematising it, and making it available when and where
               people need it.’ (OECD, 2004, p. 19).


               Figure 2.    The competence framework

                                     1                   FOUNDATION COMPETENCES
                                    1.1                          Ethical practice
                PRACTITIONER        1.2          Recognise and respond to clients’ diverse needs
                     SKILLS
                      AND           1.3             Integrate theory and research into practice
                    VALUES          1.4   Develop one’s own capabilities and understand any limitations
                                    1.5                Communication and facilitation skills
                                    1.6               Information and computer technologies

                                     2              CLIENT-INTERACTION COMPETENCES
                                    2.1              Undertake career development activities

                   WORKING          2.2                   Enable access to information
                      WITH          2.3                  Conduct and enable assessment
                    CLIENTS         2.4          Develop and deliver career learning programmes
                                    2.5                Make referrals and provide advocacy
                                    2.6               Facilitate entry into learning and work

                                     3                   SUPPORTING COMPETENCES
                                    3.1              Manage opportunity information services

                                    3.2           Operate within networks and build partnerships
                   SYSTEMS
                                    3.3          Manage own caseload and maintain user records
                      AND
                                    3.4             Design strategies for career development
                  NETWORKS
                                    3.5                     Engage with stakeholders
                                    3.6                 Engage in research and evaluation
                                    3.7                 Update own skills and knowledge





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