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6.4. Foundation competences

The foundation competences listed below relate to the personal skills, values and ethical
approach of the person performing work tasks, but these statements do not reflect
stand-alone work tasks. All foundation competences should be demonstrated, in a manner
suited to the local context and conditions, in all the activities covered by the client-interaction
and supporting competences within this competence framework.
The foundation competences are particularly important in relation to the third and fourth
aspects of the overall definition of competence: personal competence (knowing how to
conduct oneself in a specific situation) and ethical competence (the possession of certain
personal and professional values).

6.4.1. Contexts and conditions
Key issues relating to ethical practice are included under this heading. In addition, ethical
practice needs to reflect the situation in which the career guidance practitioner works.
Different issues arise when clients are mandated to attend (for example, as a condition of
receiving welfare benefits), or when a third party has a controlling interest (for example,
through funding). The underpinning issues will vary, but should include:
• career guidance practitioners being aware of constraints that apply to their work, and
considering these in relation to their own personal values;
• ensuring that conditions and constraints, where they apply, are transparent to their clients.
All clients have diverse needs, some of which may result in disadvantage or
discrimination. Some needs are apparent to others, and may be the subject of legislation and
codes of practice. Other needs may be hidden, and may include complex issues such as
self-stereotyping, or ambivalence between the culture of ethnic heritage and the culture of a
country of current residence. Conversely, some clients may have exceptional capabilities
and talents. The requirement for the career guidance practitioner is to extend their
knowledge and understanding to the fullest reasonable extent in their work situation and to
strive constantly for the highest degree of reflection on their own practice.

Figure 3. Competence area 1: foundation competences

1.1 Ethical practice

This involves knowledge of codes of practice and ethical guidelines, thinking how to apply
standards in day-to-day behaviours, and awareness of legislation.

1.2 Recognise and respond to clients’ diverse needs

This involves gaining knowledge and becoming aware of your own attitudes to cultural
differences, discrimination and stereotyping. Knowledge of equal-opportunities legislation
and codes of practice is important. Respect for the differing values and world views of others
is included.

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