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Socially responsible restructuring
                                                          Effective strategies for supporting redundant workers




                     guarantee for the remaining core workforce after the restructuring. The phasing
                     of the restructuring process involves:
                     (a)  the first two to three months correspond to the conceptualisation phase and
                         the development of the restructuring strategy, including decisions on broad
                         scope and size of job cuts (if the restructuring is an emergency measure,
                         this phase can be substantially shorter);
                     (b)  another two to three months are needed to decide on exact  numbers  of
                         redundancies, elaboration of selection criteria and precise measures
                         accompanying the restructuring. During  this  phase, typically an employee
                         assembly is held and the social plan is agreed, if there is a works council;
                     (c)  two to six weeks are required as a  preparatory  stage,  until  full
                         implementation  of decided measures. Individual transfer agency services
                         may already become available during this phase.
                        During  the current economic crisis, customers often take advantage of the
                     maximum length of cyclical short-time work regimes before setting up a transfer
                     company, trying to avoid layoffs as long as possible.

                     6.1.3.   Restructuring practices and processes
                     AutoVision provides a wide range of advice, counselling and guidance services,
                     as well as retraining and work placement measures. Although normally all
                     employees have equal access to these services, some qualifications exist. First,
                     some outplacement services provided by a transfer agency may only be offered
                     to certain individuals in key positions, especially if it is at an early stage of the
                     restructuring process. Second, counselling and training  on  business  start-up  is
                     only given to those for whom this prospect seems feasible considering  their
                     occupational and motivational background. Further, there are budgetary limits for
                     qualification measures according to individual need; for an already relatively high-
                     skilled  worker,  qualification  measures might not be expected to improve
                     employability substantially.
                        More vulnerable employees do not receive specific support in the sense  of
                     distinct services. The counselling may be  more  intensive  for  them,  especially
                     concerning face-to-face discussions, group discussions and job search aid, but
                     these are only differences in guidance process intensity.
                        Support to non-employees is very limited, due also to the specific legislation
                     governing transfer agencies and companies. Sometimes it is possible to redesign
                     outsourcing structures, to minimise the impact of restructuring on suppliers, but
                     the influence that can be exerted in this way is  limited.  Since  personal  and
                     psychological  crises  are  not infrequent in the wake of job loss, face-to-face
                     discussions are also offered for family  members  of the redundant employee;








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